“They can produce thousands or millions of spores, and they disperse them using the wind as their vector,” Villarreal says. Globally there are around 11,000 moss species, 7,000 liverworts and 220 hornworts.Īs they are not flowering plants, bryophytes reproduce by spores instead of seeds. Bryophytes thrive in damp, shady environments, but they can also be found in diverse and even extreme habitats, from deserts to arctic areas. Most of them only grow a few centimeters in height, and since they don't need roots, they can grow in places that other plants cannot, like on the surface of rocks, walls, pavement, etc. They are non-vascular plants, which means they have no roots or vascular tissue, but instead absorb water and nutrients from the air through their surface ( e.g., their leaves). Bryophytes is the informal group name for mosses, liverworts and hornworts.
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